Biology 3 ESO DIGITAL

Organisation of living matter

5 pag. Living things are highly organised and complex organisms. Inorganic matter and organic matter are formed by the same chemical components; however in living things, these chemical components are grouped into structures with different levels of complexity known as levels of organisation.
Cell structure

8 pag. Human cells are eukaryote cells: their genetic material is found inside their nucleus. They are also heterotrophic cells: they feed on organic matter
Tissues and organs

14 pag. Inside the cell each organelle fulfills a function and they all work in a coordinated way. However, in the human body there are different types of cells that have a different morphology.
Systems

6 pag. Systems, formed by organs, share the necessary tasks to perform the functions of nutrition, reproduction and interaction of an organism.
Relationship between systems

3 pag. All systems that form an organism have to work in a coordinated way, so the organism functions adequately. This way, cells can correctly perform the necessary functions to maintain an organism's health.
Consolidation

22 pag.
READ AND UNDERSTAND SCIENCE

2 pag.
STUDY SKILLS

1 pag.
WORK AND EXPERIMENTATION TECHNIQUES

7 pag.
FINAL TASK

2 pag.
Portada

1 pag.

Presentation Video (1)

1 pag. Introduction to the characteristics of life.
Oxford investigation

The organisation of the human body
Downloadable Talking Book

ZIP file with MP3 audios
Talking book

1. Organisation of living matter
Talking book

1.1. Definition of a human being
Talking book

1.2. Levels of organisation of the human being
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2. Cell structure
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2.1. Cells: Functional units
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2.2. Exchange with the environment
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3. Tissues and organs
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3.1. Cell differenciation
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3.2. Types of tissues
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3.2.1. Epithelial tissues
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3.2.2. Connective tissues
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3.2.3. Muscle tissue
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3.2.4. Nervous tissue
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Activity 22
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3.3. Organs
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4. Systems
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4.1. Nutrition
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4.2. Reproduction
Talking book

4.3. Interaction
Talking book

Activity 28
Talking book

5. Relationship between systems
Talking book

5.1. Coordination of vital functions
Video 2:

Levels of organisation
Video 3:

The inner life of a cell
Video 4:

Transport across cell membranes
Weblink 1:

Cells, tissues, organs and systems
Weblink 2:

Animal cell: a tiny society
Weblink 3:

The human body
Weblink 4:

Organ and systems
Animation

The organisation of the human being
Science experiment

Osmosis in a chicken egg

Food and nutrients

11 pag. Food provides our bodies with the essential nutrients we need to perform vital functions. Nutrients are the biomolecules that make up our bodies and are called the proximate principles. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are organic nutrients, whereas water and mineral salts are inorganic nutrients.
Nutritional needs

6 pag. We need food to obtain nutrients and to satisfy a range of needs, including providing energy, as well as structural, functional, and regulatory needs.
Diets

11 pag. Most foods include a variety of nutrients in different proportions. This is why we should not eat the same amount of all foods.
Food consumption

8 pag. As consumers, it is essential that we understand how the food we eat is acquired and what types of nutrients are present in our diets.
Food-related illnesses

6 pag. An inadequate diet can cause changes in our health and illnesses that, in some cases, can even be life-threatening. Some of these illnesses are related to a lack of certain foods in someone's diet, but at other times they are due to a poor diet, genetic characteristics, or unhygienic conditions during food handling.
CONSOLIDATION

28 pag.
READ AND UNDERSTAND SCIENCE

6 pag.
STUDY SKILLS

1 pag.
WORK AND EXPERIMENTATION TECHNIQUES

2 pag. Nutrient Identification
FINAL TASK

2 pag. How much sugar is there in my drink?

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final Task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation

Food and nutrition
Animation
Video 1:

What is wrong with what we eat?
Video 2:

Food needed by the human body
Weblink 1:

Food detective
Weblink 2:

300 calories food gallery
Weblink 3:

Diet
Weblink 4:

The Mediterranean diet: The world's healthiest diet
Weblink 5:

Malnutrition
Weblink 6:

Human nutrition
Talking Book

1. Food and nutrients
Talking Book

1.1. Carbohydrates
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1.2. Lipids
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1.3. Proteins
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1.4. Mineral salts
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1.5. Water
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1.6. Vitamins
Talking Book

Activity 18
Talking Book

2. Nutritional Needs
Talking Book

2.1. Structural needs
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2.2. Energy needs
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2.2.1. Basal metabolic rate and energy use
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2.3. Funcional and regularoty needs
Talking Book

3. Diets
Talking Book

3.1. A balanced diet
Talking Book

3.1.1. The food pyramid
Talking Book

3.1.2. The food wheel
Talking Book

3.2. A Mediterranean diet
Talking Book

3.3. Special diets
Talking Book

4. Food consumption
Talking Book

4.1. Consumption habits
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4.2. The food supply chain
Talking Book

Activity 27
Talking Book

4.3. Food additives
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4.4. Nutritional information
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5. Food-related illnesses
Talking Book

5.1. Malnutrition
Talking Book

5.2. Inadequate nutrition
Talking Book

5.3. Eating disorders
Talking Book

5.4. Allergies and intolerances
Talking Book

5.5. Food poisoning
Science experiment

Calculation of food energy

Human nutrition

4 pag. Multicellular organisms, such as humans, are unable to access nutrients directly. Nutrients, which are found in parts of food, are complex mixtures of substances that our body has to transform in order to be able to use them.
The digestive system

4 pag. The gastrointestinal tract and the accessory glands form the digestive system.
Digestion

26 pag. Digestion is the process by which foods are transformed into simpler substances (nutrients), so they can be utilised by our cells.
The respiratory system

9 pag. As well as nutrients, cells in our body need oxygen in order to perform cell respiration. It is during this process that the combustion of nutrients takes place, releasing energy. As a result of cell respiration, waste products are created (CO2 among others) that have to be released.
Healthy habits: illnesses of the digestive and respiratory systems

10 pag. The following pages explain the way certain habits can contribute to the health of the digestive and respiratory systems, as well as the most frequent illnesses that can affect those systems.
CONSOLIDATION

26 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag.
Study skills

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

2 pag. Starch digestion
Final task

2 pag. Anti-smoking campaign

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation
Video 1:

How does digestion work?
Animation 1:

Digestion in the mouth
Weblink 1:

The layers of a tooth
Weblink 2:

The stomach and its role in digestion
Weblink 3:

Pancreas
Weblink 4:

Liver
Weblink 5:

Small intestine
Science experiment

Simulation of intestinal absorption
Weblink 6:

Respiratory system: Labelling interactive
Video 2:

Gaseous exchange between alveoli and capillaries
Animation 2:

Pulmonary gas exchange
Weblink 7:

Nutrition
Weblink 8:

Antismoking campaign highlights how cigarettes ‘Rot the body from the inside'
Weblink 9:

Fist bumps 'cleaner than handshakes'
Talking book

1. Human nutrition
Talking book

Activity 2
Talking book

2. The digestive system
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3. Digestion
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3.1. Digestive process:mouth
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3.1.1. Salivation
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3.1.2. Chewing
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3.1.3. Swallowing
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3.2. The digestive process in the stomach
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3.3. The digestive process in the small intestine
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3.3.1. Pancreas
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3.3.2. The liver
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3.3.3. Digestion
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3.3.4. From food to nutrients
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Activity 23
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3.3.5. Food absorption
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3.4. The digestive process in the large intestine
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4. The respiratory system
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4.1. Respiratory tract
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4.2. Gas exchange
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4.3. Pulmonary ventilation
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5. Healthy habits:illness of the digestive and respiratory systems
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5.1. Digestive system:health
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5.2. Illness of the disgestive system
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5.3. Taking care of the respiratory system
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5.4. Illness related to the respiratory system

The interaction process

7 pag. The body's adaptation to changes that take place in our environment, as well as the coordination between different organs, is carried out thanks to the interaction process.
The neuron and electric signals

6 pag. The nervous system's anatomical and physiological unit is the neuron and the transmission of information between neurons through electric signals is called nerve impulses.
The nervous system

15 pag. In addition to centralising and processing information that reaches our body, the nervous system carries out the following functions.
The endocrine system

7 pag. The endocrine system is made up of a coordinated group of glands called the endocrine glands. They are called endocrine (endo means internal) because they release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Healthy habits. Diseases of the nervous And endocrine systems

6 pag. The factors that can trigger stress are varied and include: personal problems, too much work, frightening situations, ongoing anxiety and a very fast-paced lifestyle. To avoid these situations it is essential to identify them at first, and then to maintain a relaxed, positive and optimistic outlook.
Consolidation

31 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag.
Study skills

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

2 pag.
Final task

2 pag.

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation

Interaction: the nervous and endocrine systems
Animation

The stress response
Video 1:

How spontaneous brain activity keeps you alive
Video 2:

Synapses
Video 3:

The anatomy of the spinal cord and how it works
Video 4:

The benefits of a bilingual brain
Video 5:

What are hormones?
Weblink 1:

Homeostasis and hormones
Weblink 2:

Our four brains
Weblink 3:

Hormones activity
Weblink 4:

Alcohol and the brain
Weblink 5:

Nutrition and the brain
Weblink 6:

Eating disorders
Science experiment

Hormonal action
Talking book

1. The interaction process
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1.1. Homeostasis
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1.2. Systems that participate in the interaction process
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2. The neuron and electric signals
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2.1. The neuron
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2.2. Electric signals
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3. The nervous system
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3.1. The central nervous system
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3.1.1. The spinal cord
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3.1.2.The brain
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3.2. The peripheral nervous system
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3.2.1. The somatic nervous system
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Activity 18
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3.2.2. The autonomic nervous sytem
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3.3. Nerve actions
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4. The endocrine system
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Activity 27
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4.1. The endocrine glands
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5. Healthy habits. Diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems
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5.1. The nervous system's health
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5.2. Nervous system diseases
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5.3. The endocrine system's health
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5.4. Endocrine system diseases

Sensory receptors

7 pag. The world that surrounds us presents constant changes (stimuli) to which we need to adapt in order to survive. In order to respond to stimuli we first need to perceive and receive them.
The eye

3 pag. The eye is the organ where the sense of sight is located. It is a complex structure that receives light and carries it to the area where the photoreceptors are located.
The ear

7 pag. The ears are the sensory organs located inside the cavities of the temporal bones, which are found in areas on both sides of the head called the temple. These organs perceive two types of stimuli in two different areas: sounds, and changes of body posture (balance).
The skin

5 pag. The skin is an organ that has sensory receptors that perceive very diverse stimuli through touch.
Taste and smell

3 pag. The human senses of taste and smell are not very well developed but are very much interlinked. As a result, our sense of taste is influenced by our sense of smell.
Effectors

15 pag. Our body movements are possible due to the relationship between the muscles (active) and the bones (passive).
Healthy habits: illnesses of the senses And the locomotor system

5 pag. Healthy habits are an essential way to ensure that we perceive our environment properly and that we produce adequate responses to the changes that occur in it.
Consolidation

34 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag.
Study skills

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

2 pag.
Final task

2 pag.

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation

Receptors and efectors
Video 1:

How do we smell?
Animation

The perception of sensory stimuli
Video 2:

How does your brain respond to pain?
Weblink 1:

How your eye works
Science experiment

Optical illusions
Weblink 2

The interactive ear
Video 3:

Understanding your skin
Weblink 3:

Bones and cartilage
Weblink 4:

Antagonistic muscles
Weblink 5:

Life size printout
Weblink 6:

Virtual human body
Talking book

1. Sensory receptors
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1.1. Types of sensorial receptors
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1.1.1. According to the stimulus they receive
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1.1.2. According to their location
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Activity 5
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Activity 5
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2.1. Anatomy of the eye
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2.2. How the eye works
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3. The ear
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3.1. Anatomy of the ear
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3.2. How the ear works
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3.2.1 Hearing mechanism
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3.2.2. Balance mechanism
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4. The skin
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5. Taste and smell
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5.1. Taste
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5.2. Smell
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6. Effectors
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6.1. Bones
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6.1.1. Cartilages
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6.1.2. Joints
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6.2. Muscles
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6.2.1. Types of muscles
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6.2.2. Muscle structure
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6.2.3. Muscle contractions
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6.3. The skeletal and muscle systems
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6.3.1. The skeletal system
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Activity 31
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6.3.2. The muscle system
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7. Healthy habits: Illnesses of the senses and the locomotor system
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7.1. Health of the sense organs
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7.2. Illnesses of the senses
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7.3. Health of the locomotor system
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7.4. Illnesses of the locomotor system

Reproduction and sexuality

3 pag. The birth of new individuals that will eventually substitute the ones that die is essential in order to avoid the disappearance of a species. Reproduction is a key function.
Changes during our reproductive life

4 pag. During the reproductive life of a human being there is a series of stages that correspond with the changes that the organism experiences as it ages.
The reproductive system

11 pag. The human reproductive system has two models: male and female. In both cases they are formed by gonads, a series of ducts and glands that participate in the sexual act as well as in the development of the embryo.
Stages of reproduction

13 pag. Human reproduction can be divided into several stages: the formation of gametes or gametogenesis, which is different in both sexes; the fertilisation or union of gametes in order to form the zygote (which is the first cell that makes a new human being) and lastly the development of the embryo in the mother's uterus (known as gestation and birth).
Contraceptive methods

7 pag. Becoming a father or a mother has to be a voluntary decision. It is a big responsibility and therefore must occur at the right time. Contraceptive methods have been used since ancient times to reduce the risk of pregnancies. Keep in mind that no method is one hundred per cent reliable.
Assisted reproduction

5 pag. Infertility is the condition in which a couple is unable to conceive after a year of practising sexual intercourse without using contraception. This also includes pregnancies that do not reach a full term.
Healthy habits and sexually transmitted diseases

5 pag. In order to achieve a physical and psychological balance, our sexuality and sexual organs have to function adequately. A happy and gratifying reproductive life requires the knowledge and practice of healthy habits. We also need to observe prevention strategies so as not to contract sexually transmitted diseases.
Consolidation

26 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag. The Andalucian Health Service applies a method that reduces the risk of multiple pregnancies after in vitro insemination
Study techniques

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

6 pag. Representation of the human reproductive cycle
Final task

2 pag. Understanding contraceptive methods

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation
Video 1:

Human fertilisation
Weblink 1:

What is the male reproductive system?
Weblink 2:

How the female reproductive system works
Science experiment

Determination of gender
Video 2:

The ovarian and uterine cycles
Video 3:

Conception to birth-visualised
Weblink 3:

Fetal growth chart
Weblink 4:

Your contraception guide
Animation

In vitro fertilisation
Weblink 5:

Open your eyes to STIs
Talking book

1. Reproduction and sexuality
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2. Changes during our reproductive life
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2.1. Puberty
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2.2. Adolescence
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2.3. The end of reproductive life
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3. The reproductive system
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3.1. The male reproductive system
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3.1.1. The testicles
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3.1.2. The reproductive tract
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3.1.3. The penis
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3.1.4. Accessory glands
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3.2. The female reproductive system
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3.2.1. The ovaries
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3.2.2. Reproductive tract
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4. Stages of reproduction
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4.1. Gametogenesis
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4.1.1. Ovarian cycle
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4.1.2. Uterine or menstrual cycle
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4.2. Fertilisation
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4.3. Gestation and birth
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4.3.1. Gestation
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4.3.2. Birth
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5. Contraceptive methods
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5.1. Natural contraceptive methods
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5.2 Artificial contraceptive methods
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5.2.1. Barrier contraceptive methods
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5.2.2. Chemical contraceptive methods
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5.2.3. Surgical contraceptive methods
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6. Assisted reproduction
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7. Healthy habits and sexually transmitted diseases
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7.1. Healthy reproductive system and sexuality
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7.2. Sexually transmitted diseases

Human beings and health

8 pag. When all the organs and systems in our body work correctly, we say we are healthy. If any of them suffers any variation and stops working properly, a disorder is produced that we call illness.
Infectious diseases

21 pag. Although many microorganisms around us are beneficial to us or the environment, some can alter how our organs work and cause diseases. They're considered pathogenic.
Non-infectious diseases

6 pag. Non-infectious diseases have different causes. They're classified in various groups, according to their incidence in the population and the fatality they cause.
Drug dependency

5 pag. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), drugs are ‘any substance that when put in the body, by any means, can somehow alter the central nervous system of an individual, and they're capable of creating addiction, either psychological, physical or both'.
Healthcare

7 pag. In Spain, public healthcare corresponds to local and national health departments in each autonomous community. They supply the manpower and materials to fight diseases.
Consolidation

29 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag. The first massive vaccination
Study skills

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

5 pag. Measuring vital signs
Final task

2 pag. Scientific congress on infectious diseases

Presentation

Health and illness
Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation

Health and illness
Video 1:

How pandemics spread
Weblink 1:

Ways infectious diseases spread
Weblink 2:

Body defences
Video 2:

The immune system explained
Animation

Internal defences: the immune system
Science experiment

The relationship between hygiene and growth of bacteria
Weblink 3:

Vaccination
Weblink 4:

Everyday first aid
Video 3:

How sugar affects the brain
Weblink 5:

Drug-related deaths
Weblink 6:

Organ donation
Talking book

1. Human beings and health
Talking book

1.1. Factors that influence health
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1.2. Illness
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1.2.1. Vital signs
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Activity 4
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1.2.2. Development of a disease
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1.2.3. Types of diseases
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2. Infectious diseases
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2.1. How infectious diseases are transmitted
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2.2. Our bodies defence against infection
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2.2.1. External defences
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2.2.2. Internal defences: the immune system
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2.3. Development of infectious diseases
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2.4. Preventing infectious diseases
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2.4.1. Healthy habits
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2.4.2. Vaccination
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2.5. Curing infectious diseases
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2.5.1. Serum therapy
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2.5.2. Chemotherapy
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Activity 26
Talking book

3. Non-infectious diseases
Talking book

3.1. Types of non-infectious diseases
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3.2. Prevention of non-infectious diseases
Talking Book

3.2.1. Healthy habits
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3.2.2. Prevention of non-infectious diseases
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4. Drug dependency
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4.1. Types of drugs
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4.2. The effects of drugs
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4.3. The consequences of drug use
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4.4. The fight against drug dependency
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5. Healthcare
Talking book

5.1. Transplants
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5.1.1. Organ and tissue transplant
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5.1.2. Cell transplants
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5.1.3. Problems related to transplants

Ecosystems and their components

15 pag. The biosphere consists of all the living things on Earth as well as the places where they live. As such, the biosphere is composed not only of living things but also contains: the troposphere, hydrosphere and the upper part of the geosphere.
How living things adapt to the environment

6 pag. The relationships that exist between living things are as important as the relationships they have with the biotope. Species have adapted to the environmental conditions in which they live.
Types of ecosystem

5 pag. An ecosystem is a group formed by the biotope, biocoenosis and the relationships between them. Although all ecosystems have the same components, we can distinguish between two types of ecosystem: terrestrial and aquatic.
The soil as an ecosystem

2 pag. All terrestrial ecosystems develop on top of a natural support: the soil. The soil is of fundamental importance to ecosystems because producers depend on its properties and characteristics.
Humans and ecosystems

2 pag. Ecosystems remain in a state of natural equilibrium unless there is a natural catastrophe or humans intervene and modify them.
Consolidation

26 pag.
Read and understand science

2 pag.
Study skills

1 pag.
Work and experimentation techniques

5 pag.
Final task

2 pag. Spain's National Parks

Presentation video (1)

1 pag.
Final task

1 pag.
Oxford investigation

Ecosystem
Video 1:

How to fight desertification and reverse climate change
Weblink 1:

The biosphere
Video 2:

Symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism
Animation

The flow of matter and energy in ecosystems.
Weblink 2:

Model ecosystems
Video 3:

Animal adaptations
Video 4:

Spain's nature. Timelapse
Weblink 3:

Mediterranean basin
Science experiment

Is there anything other than soil in the ground?
Weblink 4:

Natural attractions in Spain
Talking book

1. Ecosystems and their components
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1.1. The components of an ecosystem
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Activity 2
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1.2. The factors of an ecosystem
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1.3. The organisation of living things in an ecosystem
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1.4. Relationships between living things
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1.4.1. Intraspecific relationships
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1.4.2. Interspecific relationships
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1.5. Material and energy flow in ecosystems
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1.5.1. Trophic levels
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1.5.2. Representations of the transit of matter and energy
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Activity 11
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2. How living things adapt to the environment
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2.1. Adaptations to temperature
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2.2. Adaptations to humidity
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2.3. Adaptations to light
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3. Types of ecosystem
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3.1. The biggest terrestrial ecosystem: biomes
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3.2. The main Spanish terrestrial ecosystems
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3.2.1. Atlantic forests
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3.2.2. Mediterranean or sclerophyllous forest
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3.3. Aquatic ecosystems
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3.3.1. Marine ecosystems
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3.3.2. Inland water ecosystems
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4. The soil as an ecosystem
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5. Humans and ecosystems

Biology 3 ESO DIGITAL

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